Process of making soap



UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

JOHN B. N. BERRY, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

PROCESS OF MAKING SOAP.

SPEGIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 483,066, dated July 29, 1890.

Application filed August l la, 1889. Serial No. 320,756- (Spccimcna) To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN B. N. BERRY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Baltiinore,in the State of Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Process of Making Soap, of which the follow ing is a specification.

This invention relates to an improved process of manufacturing soap; and it consists in the novel steps hereinafter set forth, and particularly defined by the claims.

In carrying out my invention I proceed as follows: I first take pineneedles, generally considered a waste material, but containing considerable resin, which I have found to be especially useful in the manufacture of soap. I treat these needles so as to extract therefrom the resin, preferably by first crushing the same to loosen the silicious coating or covering, and then boiling them from one to five hours in an alkaline solution of suitable strength. The crushing opens the needles, so that the alkali may readily act upon the interior thereof, and the boiling extracts therefrom the resin. The specific gravity of the solution varies, so that it cannot be precis 31y stated, and I do not wish to restrict myself to any particular specific gravity. After the needles have been thus boiled in the alkaline solution for a sufficient length of time to extract therefrom all the resin contained therein, which is taken up by the alkali, the refuse material-namely, the pine-needle fiber-is then removed from the solution or liquor, and may be afterward used for purposes to which it may be found adapted. A fatty substance is then mixed with this solution in proportions found to be most desirable, and both are then boiled from an hour and a half to two hours, or until a viscid emulsion capable of being drawn out into threads or ribbons is produced. At this stage a further quantity of the solution is added gradually for the purpose of making the separation more complete and with constant stirring during the addition, so as to insure thorough contact. The

further steps in the process are such as are nsuallyemployedin soap-making and understood by those skilled in the art, the usual salting'out process being employed to separate the spent lye. Although not absolutely necessaryit is preferred to add the fatty substance and proceed with the subsequent steps immediately after the complete extraction of the resin from the needles before precipitation or evaporation has had time to take place. 7 The product is specially fitted for cleaning harness and other like uses.

What I claim as new is 1. The herein-described process of making soap, which consists in treating pine-needles in an alkaline solution to extract the resin therefrom, removing the fibers, adding fatty materials to the liquor, and subsequently treating the mass to produce saponification, as set forth.

2. The herein-described process of making soap, which consists in first treating pineneedles to loosen their outer coating, next boiling the same in an alkaline solution, removing the fibers, and subsequentlytreating the resultingliquor to produce saponification, as set forth.

3. The herein-described process of making soap, which consists in treating pine-needles to loosen their covering, boiling the same in an alkaline solution, removing the fibers, adding the fatty material to said solution, and treating the mass to produce saponification, as set forth.

4. The herein-described process of making soap, which consists in treating pine-needles to loosen their covering, boiling the same in an alkaline solution, removing the fibers, adding the fatty material to said solution before cooling of the latter, and immediately treating the mass to produce saponification,as set forth.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN B. N. BERRY. Witnesses:

H. OTIS GRAY, WILLIAM J. GASCOYNE. 

